MAVS-Mediated Apoptosis and Its Inhibition by Viral Proteins

MAVS-Mediated Apoptosis and Its Inhibition by Viral Proteins

BACKGROUND Host responses to viral infection include both immune activation and programmed cell death. The mitochondrial antiviral signaling adaptor, MAVS (IPS-1, VISA or Cardif) is critical for host defenses to viral infection by inducing type-1 interferons (IFN-I), however its role in virus-induced apoptotic responses has not been elucidated. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We show that MAVS causes apop...

Neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis

Neurologic complications associated with viral encephalitis, including seizures and cognitive impairment, are a global health issue, especially in children. We previously showed that hippocampal injury during acute picornavirus infection in mice is associated with calpain activation and is the result of neuronal death triggered by brain-infiltrating inflammatory monocytes. We therefore hypothes...

Inhibition of B cell receptor-mediated apoptosis by IFN.

IFNs are a family of cytokines that are involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. Clinical use of IFN-alpha/beta encompasses treatment for a variety of diseases; however, prolonged exposure to IFN-alpha/beta results in elevated levels of autoreactive Abs. In this study, we investigated the potential of IFNs to modulate apoptotic signals in B cells. We demonstrate that IFN...

Inhibition of Fas-mediated apoptosis by antigen: implications for lymphomagenesis.

Apoptotic deletion of expanded B cell populations is essential in avoidance of autoimmune disease and immune regulation of some B cell malignancies. The role of CD4+ T cells in B cell apoptosis is evident from the high incidence of B cell tumors and autoimmunity in patients with T cell diseases such as the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). We have previously demonstrated that in Epste...

Innate Immune Response by PSMA7 Negative Regulation of MAVS-Mediated